波士顿 – Lean project delivery makes a remarkable impact on construction projects of all shapes and sizes. 今天, 的时间, labor and cost reducing efforts that are the cornerstones of Lean project delivery have been embraced by leading construction companies.
What hasn’t been embraced by all—and is central to 百家乐软件—is tailoring Lean construction management 太ls and techniques for each project. 这个自定义, 由百家乐软件的精益战略总监指导, 辛西娅·曹, makes 百家乐软件’s Lean approaches strongest for clients and project teams.
曹, a leader in the transformation and adoption of Lean thinking for the construction industry for almost twenty years, 解释了精益建设的核心原则, “Lean efforts focus on identifying opportunities to reduce inefficient use of resources, 通过我们的工作创造更多的价值. 在设计, Lean efforts work on improving the decision-making process so project buy-out, procurement and job-site work can proceed as planned. 在施工期间, Lean efforts seek to improve both productivity and safety for all trades on the jobsite.”
Autodesk in Boston’s Seaport: Building for 创新 with Integrated Project Delivery and Lean
Building industry software innovator Autodesk has joined Boston’s Seaport innovation community, 从沃尔瑟姆郊区搬过来, 质量. to 70,000-square-feet of customized space in the Seaport’s monumental 创新 and Design Building. These new digs combine an advanced workshop for research and prototyping digital fabrication methods and construction automation for the AEC (architecture, 工程和建筑工业, 协作办公空间. 叫做“BUILD Space”，意思是“建筑”, 创新, Learning and Design”—these are definitely not run-of-the-mill workspaces, and the construction process has been fittingly innovative, 太.
欧特克副总裁Jim Lynch, 解释BUILD Space背后的愿景, “We want to increase Autodesk’s visibility and connection to the Boston technology culture and engagement with the innovation ecosystem. Another goal is to have the community gain a better appreciation for the impact that Autodesk customers and technology have in this world. We want to expose the community to the things we do around the built environment.”
房间里有合适的人
百家乐软件的项目主管, 马特Guimond, talks about the combined impact of Integrated Project Delivery and Lean. “作为一个综合项目交付项目, we have the great benefit of being a co-located team, 欧特克的项目经理, 该项目的建筑师Spagnolo Gisness & 同事(SGA), 工程师, M/E/P subcontractors and our 百家乐软件 team—on-site at the Design and 创新 Building. 这对于有效的沟通是很好的. When you have the right people in the room, things can go very fast.”
“And a co-located team also helps smooth out the “Request for Information” (RFI) process—the clarification of design information—in important ways. We’ve been able to shorten the typical two-week long RFI process to a single day because the architect or engineer you need to get a clarification from is sitting next to you. 也, a co-located team reduces the need to overload the design team with a lot of questions at any one time.”
60英尺的时间表
Lean’s Pull Planning process—planning a project collaboratively as a production system—has been central to the project’s success. The team has used Pull Planning on two levels: for high-level milestone planning, and for detailed plans of what’s needed to get to each milestone, which are developed hand-in-hand with the trade foremen.
Guimond解释, “One of our first Lean steps was developing a Pull Plan with the project management team. 字面上60英尺长, spread across the wall of the team’s co-location room, each milestone of the project is shown as a colored paper “sticky.“当一个项目里程碑被移动时, you automatically see the effect it has on the schedule, 项目范围.”
“使用它是无价的. It quickly brought to light that we needed to track individually—rather than collectively—the 100 pieces of leading-edge technology equipment to be installed. Including everything from robots to 3D printers, they’re all part of the BUILD Space.
定制设计与设计协助
The innovative and collaborative “Design-Assist” process—which breaks with building industry tradition and pairs design team members with construction trades and vendors—has also been an important part of the project. When Autodesk decided that they wanted their conference rooms to be modular and reconfigurable, 该项目的建筑师, SGA, created a design concept that was then developed by 百家乐软件’s team, with help from specialty interior contractors Creative Office Pavilion (COP), 和木制品供应商, DIRTT.
完整的精益案例研究，点击 在这里.
U质量 Memorial Health Care’s Revitalization: “Kit of Parts” for Patient-Centered 建设
注重精益，以病人为中心
“在计划最精益的时候, lowest impact approach for the renovation of U质量 Memorial Health Care’s (UMMHC) 250 patient rooms, we customized the Lean material delivery concept of ‘Just-in-Time-Delivery,将其扩展到“准时制建设”,’ by identifying a way to renovate the patient rooms through a construction ‘kit of parts’ approach,Rick Gala解释道。, UMMHC校园更新项目的项目经理.
项目挑战
康西格利面临的挑战? Renovate these 250 patient rooms and the public areas, 每次只有四间客房停止服务, and with as little disruption to each campus’ daily operations as possible.
In developing their Lean approach, the questions for the team became:
- 我们能限制现场需要做的事情吗?
- Can we limit the disruption of delivering materials through the hospital campus?
- Can we reduce the construction packaging brought on-site?
- Can we increase pre-fabrication opportunities through Target Value Design?
A “Kit of Parts” 方法 to Patient Room Renovations
康西格利的“是的，我们可以!” answer to all these questions was one inspired by a Lean manufacturing approach, helped by the repetitive nature of the patient room renovations. 虽然这些房间的尺寸有所不同, 浴室组件, 磨光工作, interior finishes and equipment for them are the same. The team realized that almost all of the materials needed for each room could be prepared for installation at 百家乐软件’s Milford-based Pre-Fab Lab, w在这里 the materials are organized by construction sequence, pre-packaged into four “建设 Kit” categories, 并“及时”交付安装. 整理成浴室套装, 完成套件1和2, 和一个木制品套装, together these prepared kits account for 80% of the materials needed for each room’s renovation.
这种部件套件方法的好处:
- Minimizes disruption of deliveries and traffic to the campuses
- 限制材料的储存和现场处理
- Ensures materials are ready when each room is scheduled for renovation
- 预期并允许定制
- 减少现场施工包装
- 简化分包商日程安排
- 支持最安全的施工现场实践
- 降低成本
“择优”的优势
“Choosing by Advantages” is another Lean process that’s a perfect fit for the UMMHC project. Through Choosing by Advantages (CBA)— a structured decision-making process— clients review construction material choices through the lens of their advantages from the end-users’ perspectives. This process facilitates decision-making while also helping avoid a later need to replace or rework an aspect of a project when a less thoughtfully chosen component is found to be a problem.
CBA is also another way that 百家乐软件 and 该项目的建筑师, S / L / A / M, are keeping the experience of patient and healthcare staff at the center. This comprehensive review considers patient and health care staff ease-of-experience, 以及建筑材料的物理影响. The client will consider the advantages of which patient room flooring to use? A more expensive choice that’s most comfortable underfoot for staff, or a less expensive option that makes for a louder footfall? What is the best lighting choice from the perspective of the patient lying on a gurney in a hallway, 在去手术的路上? Which bed-curtain track allows staff to open and close curtains quietly and quickly, 支持病人的隐私和平静?
完整的精益案例研究，点击 在这里.
Building Framingham State University’s West Hall: Lateral Thinking for a Fast-Track
With a 27% growth in enrollment over the past five years, it is vital that Framingham State University’s new 317-bed residential building be ready for students in the fall of 2016. 建造这个套房风格的大厅, 百家乐软件的团队正在使用精益项目交付, customized for the fast-track construction of the 97,000平方英尺的西厅. Guiding the project are the team’s series of Pull Plans—the literal step-by-step plans of work phases to be built developed collaboratively with the project’s trade foremen—and the daily “Flow Board” tracking of work planned against work completed or re-planned.
团队建议:横向构建
在最近一月的一天, 真正忙碌的工作是在内心, as 百家乐软件’s team of contractors make their way systematically across each floor, putting in place the layers of construction that make up each of the 100 suites. 每层楼, 三明治的金属钉, 绝缘, 壁板, 录制, 墙砂光, 油漆和房间装修正在进行中.
This flow of each piece of work moving smoothly to the next is the heart of 精益项目交付. It is the direct result of the FSU team’s Lean Pull Planning.
Assistant Superintendent Duncan Schuster noted the powerful team buy-in Pull Planning creates. “当我们做拉动计划时, each sub speaks to 的时间 needed for their work and their man power and we review to make sure everything planned is feasible. It gets them involved and helps everyone to own the dates for their work. 每个人都有发言权.”
This horizontal progression was not the team’s first assumption of the most efficient way to build the interior, but after the team’s half-day Pull Planning session with all the trade foremen responsible for the work to come, the benefits of this approach became clear as they planned the interior construction’s milestones.
“It was our drywall contractor who first saw that this might be a good way to go,项目经理Jody Staruk解释道. “And all the other foremen agreed it would be a great approach.”
最小的计划，最大的利益
The team has collaboratively created Pull Plans for many phases of the work. 从结构拉动计划开始, they moved on to the interior plan for the six floors of suites, as well as creating individual “mini-project” Pull Plans for the building’s public areas, 哪些正在同时构建. Next up will be the Pull Plan for the building’s exterior.
Like the interior Pull Plan for the suites’ construction, 迷你拉计划透露了有价值的信息. Completed for the building’s common spaces—the hall’s living room, 会议室, public restrooms and the Resident Director’s apartment—this collaborative process showed that the public areas include almost exactly the same construction tasks the suites require, so the team can continue applying their streamlined approach.
完整的精益案例研究，点击 在这里.